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Hewison, 'Ruskin, John', ODNB 48, 173–92.
408
Процитировано в: Peter Stansky, William Morris (Oxford, 1983), 1.
409
E. P. Thompson, William Morris, Romantic to Revolutionary (London, 1955); Fiona McCarthy, William Morris (London, 1994).
410
Stefan Collini, Matthew Arnold: A Critical Portrait (Oxford, 1994), 54; idem., 'Arnold, Matthew', ODNB 2, 487–94. См. также: Wellek, Modern Criticism, vol. 4, 155–80.
411
William E. Buckler, ' «On the Study of Celtic Literature»: A Critical Reconsideration', Victorian Poetry 27 (1989), 61–76, at 62; S. Nagarajan, 'Arnold and the Bhagavad Gita', Comparative Literature 12 (1960), 335–47.
412
Maria Fairweather, Madame de Staël (London, 2004); Michel Winock, Madame de Staël (Paris, 2010); Richard Holmes, This Long Pursuit (London, 2016), 153–168.
413
Bärbel Kern and Horst Kern, Madame Doctorin Schlö zer: ein Frauenleben in den Widersprü chen der Aufklä rung (Munich, 1988), 52ff.
414
Robert K. Webb, 'Martineau, Harriet', ODNB 37, 13–19.
415
Gordon S. Haight, George Eliot: A Biography (1968); Sally Shuttleworth, George Eliot and 19th-Century Science (Cambridge, 1984); Beryl Gray, 'George Eliot and the «Westminster Review» ', Victorian Periodicals Review 33 (2000) 212–24; Diana Postlethwaite, 'George Eliot and Science', in George Levine (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to George Eliot (Cambridge, 2001), 98–118; Rosemary Ashton, 'Evans, Marian', ODNB 18, 730–43.
416
Valerie A. Dodd, George Eliot: An Intellectual Life (1990), 284.
417
Rosemary Ashton, George Henry Lewes (London, 1991); eadem., 'Lewes, George Henry', ODNB 33, 563–8.
418
Gillian Beer, Darwin's Plots (London, 1983), 149, 154.
419
Haight, George Eliot, 344–50.
420
Kathryn A. Neeley, Mary Somerville: Science, Illumination and the Female Mind (Cambridge, 2001), 2.
421
Mary Somerville, Personal Recollections (London, 1873), 140.
422
Elizabeth C. Patterson, 'Somerville, Mary', DSB 12, 521–525; она же, Mary Patterson and the Cultivation of Science, 1815–1840 (The Hague, 1984); Mary R. S. Creese, 'Somerville, Mary', ODNB 51, 617–9; James A. Secord, 'General Introduction' to Mary Somerville, Scientific Papers and Reviews (London, 2004), xv – xxxix; он же, 'Mathematics for the Million? Mary Somerville's On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences, in Visions of Science (Oxford, 2014), 107–37; Richard Holmes, This Long Pursuit: Reflections of a Romantic Biographer (London, 2016), 197–216.
423
Sydney Ross, ' «Scientist»: The Story of a Word', Annals of Science 18 (1962), 65–85.
424
G. Granger, 'Cournot, Antoine-Augustin', DSB 3, 450–4; Franck Bourdier, 'Cuvier, Georges', DSB 3, 521–8; он же, 'Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Étienne', DSB 5, 355–8.
425
Цит. по: Ian F. McNeely, 'Medicine on a Grand Scale': Rudolf Virchow, Liberalism and the Public Health (London, 2002), 5.
426
McNeely, 'Medicine on a Grand Scale', 7.
427
Guenther B. Risse, 'Virchow, Rudolf', DSB 14, 39–45; T. James, 'Rudolf Virchow and Heinrich Schliemann', South African Medical Journal 56 (1979), 111–14.
428
Lorenz Krüger (ed.), Universalgenie Helmholtz (Berlin, 1994).
429
R. Steven Turner, 'Helmholtz, Hermann von', DSB 6, 241–53, at 253.
430
Michel Meulden, Helmholtz: From Enlightenment to Neuroscience (2001: English translation, Cambridge, MA, 2010).
431
Wilhelm Bölsche, Haeckel: His Life and Work (English translation, London, 1906, 173); Georg Uschmann, 'Haeckel, E. H. P.', DSB 6, 6–11; Andrea Wulf, The Invention of Nature: The Adventures of Alexander von Humboldt, the Lost Hero of Science (London, 2016), 298–314; David Lowenthal, G. P. Marsh: Prophet of Conservation (Seattle, WA, 2000).
432
Письмо к другу, ботанику Джозефу Хукеру. Цит. по: Peter Brent, Charles Darwin: A 'man of enlarged curiosity' (London, 1981), 98.
433
Там же, 174.
434
Gillian Beer, Darwin's Plots (London, 1983).
435
Gavin de Beer, 'Darwin, Charles Robert', DSB 3, 565–77; Janet Browne, Charles Darwin, 2 vols. (London, 1995–2002); Adrian Desmond, Janet Browne and James Moore, 'Darwin, Charles Robert', ODNB 15, 177–202; Oliver Sacks, 'Darwin and the Meaning of Flowers', in The River of Consciousness (2017), 3–26.
436
Wesley C. Williams, 'Huxley, Thomas Henry', DSB 6, 589–97; Adrian Desmond, T. H. Huxley, 2 vols. (1994–7); он же, 'Huxley, Thomas Henry'ODNB 29, 99–111.
437
Norman T. Gridgeman, 'Galton, Francis', DSB 5, 265–7; Ruth S. Cowan, 'Galton, Francis', ODNB 21, 346–9; Nicholas W. Gillham, A Life of Sir Francis Galton (Oxford, 2001); Michael Bulmer, Francis Galton (Baltimore, MD, 2003).
438
H. J. P. Arnold, William Henry Fox Talbot: Pioneer of Photography and Man of Science (London, 1977); Larry J. Schaff, 'Talbot, William Henry Fox', ODNB 53, 730–3. В 2012 году на выставке «Тальбот. За пределами фотографии» ('Talbot Beyond Photography') в Кембридже были представлены разнообразные достижения ученого.
439
Дидро, письмо от 16 декабря 1748 года.
440
Adam Smith, Lectures on Jurisprudence (1763); он же, Wealth of Nations (1776), 18. См. также: Jerry A. Jacobs, In Defense of Disciplines: Interdisciplinarity and Specialization in the Research University (Chicago, IL, 2013), 55–60.
441
Immanuel Kant, Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals (1785: English translation, ed. Alan Wood, New Haven, CT, 2002), предисловие.
442
Charles Babbage, On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures (2nd edn, London 1832), 131–63.
443
Herbert Spencer, 'Progress: Its Law and Cause' (1857), in Essays, media.bloomsbury.com/…/primary-source-131-herbert-spencer-progress-its-law-and-cause.pdf, 2/
444
Цит. по: Ross, 'Scientist', 71.
445
Цит. по: Crosbie Smith and William Agar (eds.), Making Space for Science (Basingstoke, 1998), 184.
446
Jean-Pierre Chaline, Sociabilité et erudition: les sociétés savantes en France, XIXe – XXe siècles (Paris, 1995). Автор упоминает одно исключение – «Société polymathique de Morbihan» (1826).
447
Holmes, The Age of Wonder, 393.
448
Шиллер цит. по: Andrea Wulf, The Invention of Nature (London,
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