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94 продемонстрировала в другом исследовании: T. M. Amabile and A. H. Glazebrook, «A Negativity Bias in Interpersonal Evaluation,» Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 18 (1982): 1–22.
94 Элизабет Беннет: J. Austen, Pride and Prejudice (New York: Penguin Classics, 2009), 196–97, Kindle.
95 Чтобы проверить эти фразы: R. Hamilton, K. D. Vohs, and A. L. McGill, «We’ll Be Honest, This Won’t Be the Best Article You’ll Ever Read: The Use of Dispreferred Markers in Word-of-Mouth Communication,» Journal of Consumer Research 41 (2014): 197–212.
96 Мэри Кей Эш: M. K. Ash, Mary Kay on People Management (London: Futura, 1984), 39.
96 Когда Дуглас Мейнард: D. W. Maynard, Bad News, Good News: Conversational Order in Everyday Talk and Clinical Settings (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003).
97 Более 75 % людей: A. M. Legg and K. Sweeny, «Do You Want the Good News or the Bad News First? The Nature and Consequences of News Order Preferences,» Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 40 (2014): 279–88, https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167213509113, and L. L. Marshall and R. F. Kidd, «Good News or Bad News First?» Social Behavior and Personality 9 (1981): 223–26.
97 как обнаружил Баумайстер: R. F. Baumeister and K. J. Cairns, «Repression and Self-Presentation: When Audiences Interfere with Self-Deceptive Strategies,» Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 62 (1992): 851–62.
98 замечание Томаса Джефферсона: T. Jefferson, «Letter to Francis Hopkinson, March 13, 1789,» Founders Online, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01–14-02–0402.
100 «последовательность рассмотрения перспектив»: из личного общения с Дугласом Мэйнардом и его книги «Bad News, Good News».
101 человеку станет лучше: A. Nguyen, A. M. Legg, and K. Sweeny, «Do You Want the Good News or the Bad News First? News Order Influences Recipients’ Mood, Perceptions, and Behaviors,» University of California Riverside Undergraduate Research Journal 5 (2011): 31–36.
101 исследования последовательных стратегий: Legg and Sweeny, «Do You Want the Good News or the Bad News First?»
102 последующей негативной информации: Y. Trope and E. Neter, «Reconciling Competing Motives in Self-Evaluation: The Role of Self-Control in Feedback Seeking,» Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 66 (1994): 646–57, https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022–3514.66.4.646.
103 Хваля кого-то: E. Chan and J. Sengupta, «Insincere Flattery Actually Works: A Dual Attitudes Perspective,» Journal of Marketing Research 47 (2010): 122–33; C. Nass, The Man Who Lied to His Laptop (New York: Current, 2010), 16–38.
104 Когда Рональда Рейган: E. I. Koch, «Reagan’s Afterlife on Earth,» Jewish World Review, June 8, 2004, http://jewishworldreview.com/0604/koch_reagan.php3.
105 Ли Дэниелс: S. W. Hunt and L. Rose, «Lee Daniels, Damon Lindelof, A-List Writers on Race, Ignoring Critics, an ‘Empire’ Axing,» Hollywood Reporter, May 11, 2015, https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/lee-daniels-damon-lindelof-a-794430.
105 заметил Уинстон Черчилль: Parliamentary Debates (Hansard), January 27, 1940, quoted in W. S. Churchill and R. Langworth, Churchill by Himself: In His Own Words (New York: RosettaBooks, 2013), «Maxims,» Kindle.
Глава 5: Рай или Ад
107 Лексикологи проследили: M. Quinion, «Carrot and Stick,» World Wide Words, 2009, http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-car4.htm, and J. Freeman, «Carrot Unstuck: A New Twist in an Old Debate,» Boston.com, March 8, 2009, http://archive.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2009/03/08/carrot_unstuck/.
107 широко распространенную историю: «The Neighbour-in-Law,» in L. M. Child, Fact and Fiction: A Collection of Stories (New York: C. S. Francis, 1846), 156–57.
107 Американский журнал: The Eclectic Magazine, August 1851, quoted in Quinion, «Carrot and Stick.»
108 заставляя мулов: G. C. Armistead, Horses and Mules in the Civil War: A Complete History with a Roster of More Than 700 War Horses (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2013).
108 безбожным народом: R. Finke and R. Stark, The Churching of America, 1776–2005: Winners and Losers in Our Religious Economy (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2005), chap. 2, Kindle.
108 выпивали по шесть кружек в день: J. Kross, «‘If You Will Not Drink with Me, You Must Fight with Me’: The Sociology of Drinking in the Middle Colonies,» Pennsylvania History 64 (1997): 28–55.
109 отчитывался в Филадельфии Бенджамин Франклин: B. Franklin, Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin (New York: Henry Holt, 1916), chap. XI, Kindle.
109 Ад на Земле: Исторический материал в этом разделе взят из Finke и Starke «Churching of America».
110 проповедь в Джорджии: G. Whitefield, The Collected Sermons of George Whitefield (Jawbone Digital, 2015), loc. 7265–7304 of 14,042, Kindle.
110 проповеди 1741 года: J. Edwards, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (Musaicum Books, 2018), «1. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God,» Kindle.
112 объяснил епископ Уилки: R. B. Wilke, And Are We Yet Alive? (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1986), 98.
113 воспринимали бога: A. F. Shariff and A. Norenzayan, «Mean Gods Make Good People: Different Views of God Predict Cheating Behavior,» International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 21 (2011): 85–96. See also O. Yilmaz and H. G. Bahçekapili, «Supernatural and Secular Monitors Promote Human Cooperation Only If They Remind of Punishment,» Evolution and Human Behavior 37 (2016): 79–84.
113 сравнил уровень преступности: A. F. Shariff and M. Rhemtulla, «Divergent Effects of Beliefs in Heaven and Hell on National Crime Rates,» PLoS ONE 7 (2012): e39048. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039048. See also «Updated Heaven, Hell and Crime Data for Shariff & Rhemtulla 2012,» Sharifflab, September 8, 2015, http://sharifflab.com/updated-heaven-hell-and-crime-data-for-shariff-rhemtulla-2012/.
114 Джон Гарсия сообщил: J. Garcia, D. J. Kimeldorf, and R. A. Koelling, «Conditioned Aversion to Saccharin Resulting from Exposure to Gamma Radiation,» Science 122 (1955): 157–58.
115 Исследователи в Бельгии: F. Baeyens, P. Eelen, O. Van den Bergh, and G. Crombez, «Flavor-Flavor and Color-Color Conditioning in Humans,» Learning and Motivation 21 (1990): 434–55.
115 детей и шарики: A. F. Costantini and K. L. Hoving, «The Effectiveness of Reward and Punishment Contingencies on Response Inhibition,» Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 16 (1973): 484–94.
116 ваша память улучшается: J. P. Forgas, «Don’t Worry, Be Sad! On the Cognitive, Motivational, and Interpersonal Benefits of Negative Mood,» Current Directions in Psychological Science 22 (2013): 225–32.
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