посланий апостола Павла на две группы. Первую группу составляют так называемые протопаулинистские (прото-павловы) послания, то есть послания, несомненно написанные апостолом Павлом (собственноручно или под диктовку). К ним относятся семь посланий: Послание к Римлянам, Первое и Второе послания к Коринфянам, Послание к Галатам, Послание к Филиппийцам, Первое послание к Фессалоникийцам, Послание к Филимону.
Вторую группу составляют так называемые девтеропаулинистские (девтеро-павловы) послания, то есть послания, относительно написания которых апостолом Павлом нет единой точки зрения. К ним относятся шесть посланий: Послание к Ефесянам, Послание к Колоссянам, Второе послание к Фессалоникийцам, Первое и Второе послания к Тимофею и Послание к Титу. Ученые, отрицающие написание этих посланий апостолом Павлом, считают, что они были написаны от лица Павла после его смерти до начала II века, возможно, его учениками.
Принадлежность апостолу Павлу послания к Евреям современная западная библейская критика отвергает. Источник. Википедия
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Saint Peter (born AD 30; d. between AD 64 and 68), also known as Simon Peter, Simeon, or Simon, according to the New Testament, was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ, leaders of the early Christian Great Church. Hippolytus of Rome, a 3rd-century theologian, gave him the title of "Apostle of the Apostles".
In a dialogue between Jesus and his disciples (Matthew 16:13–19), Jesus asks, "Who do people say that the Son of Man is?" The disciples give various answers. When he asks, "Who do you say that I am?" Simon Peter answers, "You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God." Jesus then declares:
Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by flesh and blood, but by my Father in heaven. And I tell you that you are Cephas (Peter) (Petros), and on this rock (petra) I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it. I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.
In the final chapter of the Gospel of John, Peter, in one of the resurrection appearances of Jesus, three times affirmed his love for Jesus, balancing his threefold denial, and Jesus reconfirmed Peter's position. The Church of the Primacy of St. Peter on the Sea of Galilee is seen as the traditional site where Jesus Christ appeared to his disciples after his resurrection and, according to Catholic tradition, established Peter's supreme jurisdiction over the Christian church.
Shia Muslims see a parallel in the figure of Peter to Ali at Muhammad's time. They look upon Ali as being the vicegerent, with Muhammad being the prophet; likewise, they see Peter as the vicegerent, behind Jesus the prophet and Masih. Peter's role as the first proper leader of the church is also seen by Shias to be a parallel to their belief in Ali as the first caliph after Muhammad. Source Wikipedia.
In the Roman Catholic Church, according to church tradition, it is believed that the Apostle Peter was the founder of the Roman Church (where he is revered as the first Pope).
Artistically and symbolically depicted with the keys to paradise, the guardian of which is, with gray, short hair and beard, in a yellow-blue vestment.
The Apostle Peter is mentioned many times in the first part of the Book of Acts of the Apostles (chapters 1-15). In the following chapters he is not mentioned at all, they are devoted exclusively to the missionary journeys of the Apostle Paul.
In the church tradition, Peter is considered the author of two Conciliar Epistles included in the New Testament — the First Epistle of Peter and the Second Epistle of Peter. However, the Biblical view of the authorship of these epistles is very different…
In Orthodoxy and Catholicism, the feast of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul has been established, as the two most revered apostles, called the first-class holy apostles for their particularly zealous service to the Lord and the spread of the faith of Christ. Orthodox Christians celebrate the holiday on July 12 (June 29, old style), Catholics — on June 29.
The city of St. Petersburg is named in his honor (lit. "the city of St. Peter"). Source Wikipedia (Russian version).
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Paul the Apostle (Latin: Paulus; Greek: translit. Paulos), commonly known as Saint Paul and also known by his native name Saul of Tarsus (Hebrew: translit. Sha'ul ha-Tarsi; Greek: translit. Saulos Tarseus), was an apostle (though not one of the Twelve Apostles) who taught the gospel of the Christ to the first century world.
Paul is generally considered one of the most important figures of the Apostolic Age and in the mid-30s to the mid-50s AD he founded several churches in Asia Minor and Europe. He took advantage of his status as both a Jew and a Roman citizen to minister to both Jewish and Roman audiences. According to writings in the New Testament and prior to his conversion, Paul was dedicated to persecuting the early disciples of Jesus in the area of Jerusalem. In the narrative of the Acts of the Apostles (often referred to simply as Acts), Paul was traveling on the road from Jerusalem to Damascus on a mission to "arrest them and bring them back to Jerusalem" when the resurrected Jesus appeared to him in a great light. He was struck blind, but after three days his sight was restored by Ananias of Damascus and Paul began to preach that Jesus of Nazareth is the Jewish Messiah and the Son of God. Approximately half of the book of Acts deals with Paul's life and works.
Fourteen of the twenty-seven books in the New Testament have traditionally been attributed to Paul. Seven of the epistles are undisputed by scholars as being authentic, with varying degrees of argument about the remainder.
It has been popularly assumed that Saul's name was changed when he converted from Judaism to Christianity, but that is not the case. His Jewish name
